Understanding Ovarian Cancer: The “Silent Killer”
Ovarian cancer is often called the “silent killer” for a reason. Its symptoms are frequently subtle, easy to overlook, and commonly mistaken for more prevalent conditions like indigestion or menstrual discomfort. With over 313,000 women diagnosed globally each year, raising awareness about its early signs is essential for improving survival rates.
Unfortunately, many women are only diagnosed at an advanced stage, when treatment becomes more difficult and outcomes poorer.
Common Early Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer
Persistent Bloating
One of the earliest and most common symptoms is persistent bloating. Unlike typical bloating related to diet or menstruation, this type of bloating doesn’t come and go. Women may notice their abdomen appearing swollen or clothes fitting more snugly without any weight gain. If the bloating continues for more than two weeks, it could be a warning sign of fluid buildup or tumor growth around the ovaries.
Appetite Changes
A sudden loss of appetite or feeling full soon after beginning to eat is another commonly ignored symptom. Ovarian tumors may press against the stomach or intestines, making even small meals feel overwhelming. Many women attribute this change to stress or digestive issues, not realizing it could indicate something more serious.
Pelvic or Lower Abdominal Pain
Persistent pain in the pelvic or lower abdominal region is another early indicator. This discomfort may be mild or dull and is sometimes mistaken for menstrual cramps or gastrointestinal problems. Unlike typical pain that subsides with time or medication, this tends to linger and worsen gradually.
Increased Urinary Urgency
Frequent trips to the bathroom or a constant urge to urinate, even when the bladder isn’t full, may signal an issue with the reproductive system. Ovarian masses can press against the bladder, causing these changes. Many women assume it’s a urinary tract infection, but if symptoms persist without infection, further investigation is necessary.
Postmenopausal Bleeding
While menstrual irregularities are not typically associated with ovarian cancer, any bleeding after menopause is considered abnormal and should be evaluated promptly. Though not a leading symptom, in rare cases, postmenopausal bleeding can occur in association with ovarian or other gynecological cancers and always warrants medical attention.
Constant Fatigue
Unexplained fatigue is often brushed off as part of a busy lifestyle, but it’s also a common early symptom of ovarian cancer. Women may feel unusually tired, weak, or find it difficult to complete routine tasks. When this fatigue doesn’t improve with rest, it warrants medical attention.
Gastrointestinal Issues
Digestive problems such as nausea, indigestion, or constipation that persist without a clear cause can also be a red flag. Because the ovaries are located near the digestive tract, tumors can interfere with normal bowel function. Changes in bowel habits should be monitored closely, especially if they are new and ongoing.
When to See a Doctor
While many of these symptoms can be attributed to less serious conditions, their persistence and combination make them concerning. If any of these signs last more than two weeks and occur almost daily, it’s important to seek medical advice.
Early detection can significantly improve survival, but only if symptoms are recognized and acted upon in time. Doctors may recommend diagnostic tools such as a pelvic exam, transvaginal ultrasound, and CA-125 blood test to investigate further. These evaluations can help identify abnormalities early, before the cancer spreads.
Raising Awareness and the Importance of Early Detection
The key to combating ovarian cancer lies in education and early detection. Many women dismiss or normalize the subtle symptoms, allowing the disease to progress silently.
Routine checkups, paying close attention to changes in the body, and not hesitating to consult a doctor can be life-saving.
Dr Meghal Sanghavi, Oncosurgeon, Wockhardt Hospitals, Mumbai Central
https://www.freepressjournal.in/weekend/dont-ignore-these-7-subtle-signs-of-ovarian-cancer